Historically there are two kinds of explanations about the genesis of specific phobia disorder. One explanation is the psychoanalytic mold, the other is to mold behavior. According to psychoanalytic theory
specific phobia has its genesis childhood. When a child experiences an aggressive drive against members of his family, for example, one of the parental figures, in cases where this aggression is unacceptable, it is transformed and routed to an object or an animal, otherwise harmless, or has caused a scare. The drive
unacceptable occurred at an early age, can thus be removed from consciousness, after which remains hidden until a long period of trauma or chronic stress does not cause it to be back out in the form of symptoms, that is a phobia for that ' animal or child once again transformed and sent to another object or animal.
According to the theory of behavior, however, the phobia is just something you learn. Looking at the behavior, in fact, the exaggerated fear reaction before exposure phobic object, is something that exists because at least one other occasion (perhaps in children) we had the same exposure, followed perhaps by a frightening stimulus per se (unconditioned stimulus) followed by our proper behavior (the reaction of fear).
The problem, according to this theory is that as we were afraid from the first object, in itself innocuous (conditioned stimulus) we never re-exposed to this, not being able Unlearn our reaction never wrong (strong fear inadequate).
In other words, avoiding the phobic object we never could see what was harmless, and most importantly, we run the risk of leaving in this way that the phobia is generalized to other objects and contexts.
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